Computer Systems, Telecommunications, and Technology

In WWII, the U.S. government use specialized programs that run on the huge and complex computer recently emerged at the beginning of the decade 40 to control the logistics or organization of their units in combat operations. These technology solutions are known as the first systems for the planning of material requirements ( 'Material Requirements Planning or MRP Systems Systems).

By the end of 50 years, MRP systems jump trenches army to find a place in the productive sectors, especially the United States of America. The companies that adopted them realized that these systems allow them to keep track of various activities such as inventory control, invoicing, payment and payroll administration.
In parallel, the evolution of computers favored the growth of these systems in terms of number of companies that chose them. Clear that these computers were very rudimentary, but had the capacity for storage and retrieval of information to help us to process transactions, ie, channel and manage information in a manner appropriate to those areas that, when integrated, could carry out much more quickly. In the decades of the 60 and 70, MRP systems evolved to help companies reduce inventory levels of materials used in its production process, this was due to their requirements when planning input based on I actually demanded, costs were reduced, as it is to buy only what is needed and when needed.
The main objective of these systems is to control the production process in which companies operate in a manufacturing environment. The production in this environment involves a complex process with multiple stages, taking place in industrial processes that transform materials, assembly components are made to obtain higher level units which may be other components to completion of the final product, ready for delivery to external customers. The complexity of this process varies, depending on the type of products manufactured.
Basic systems for planning and controlling all these processes consist of the same stages, but its implementation in a specific situation depends on the particularities of the production. They address the problem of management of material flow in the company to achieve production goals efficiently. These objectives include the power to adjust inventories, capacity, manpower, production costs, manufacturing time and costs of working in different sections to the needs of production.

Techniques MRP (Materials Requirement Planning, Planning for the requisition of materials) are a relatively new solution to a classic problem in production: to control and coordinate materials that are available when needed and without having an excessive inventory .
The large amount of data that has to be handled and the enormous complexity of the interrelationships between the components brought that before the sixties, there was no satisfactory way to solve the above problem, which the companies that will continue, using the safety stock and the classical technique, as well as informal methods, to try to prevent possible problems in meeting the schedule due to lack of stocks. Unfortunately, not always achieved their goals, but almost always incur high storage costs. It was the sixties to the appearance of your computer to open the doors to the MRP, this being something more than a simple inventory management techniques. The MRP is not a sophisticated method emerged from the university environment, but on the contrary, it is a simple technique, which comes from practice and that, thanks to the computer, it works and renders obsolete the classical technique with respect to treatment dependent demand items. His appearance in the academic programs is very recent. The growing popularity of this technique is not only due to the undisputed success, but also to the work done by the advertising APICS (American Production and Inventory Society), which has devoted considerable effort and knowledge for expansion, led by professionals such as J. Orlicky, O. Wight, G. And W. Plossl Goddard. This has meant that the number of companies using this technique has grown so fast.

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