06. Apuntes Iluminacion.

06. Apuntes Iluminacion. ANNEX basic electricity. Share This Document. Copy and Paste URL ... What has the power '...
James Van Allen (center) with a replica of the propellant which launched the Explorer 1 in 1958
The term photovoltaic comes from the Greek'' ': Phos, which means' light' and Voltaic, which comes from the field of electricity, after the Italian physicist Alejandro Volta (which also provides for the term volt unit of measure for potential difference in the international system of measures). Photovoltaic is the term began to be used in England since the year 1849.
The photovoltaic effect was first recognized in 1839 by the French physicist Becquerel, but the first solar cell was not built until 1883. Its author was Charles Fritts, who shows a coating semiconductor selenium with a gold leaf to form the joint. gas This primitive device had an efficiency of only 1 . Russell Ohl patented the modern solar cell in 1946, although Sven Ason Berglund had patented before, a method that sought to increase the capacity of photosensitive cells.
The modern era of solar power technology does not come until 1954 when Bell energy Laboratories, discovered, so accidental, that the semiconductor silicon doped with certain impurities, were very sensitive to light.
These developments contributed to the making of the first commercial solar cell with a solar energy conversion of approximately 6 . The Soviet Union launched its first space satellite in 1957, and the U.S. a year later. The design of this solar cells were used by Peter Iles created in an effort led by the company Hoffman Electronics.
The first spacecraft to use solar panels was the U.S. satellite Vanguard 1, launched in March 1958. This milestone is very attractive in the production and launch of geostationary satellites for the development of communications, in which energy come from a collection of sunlight. It was a crucial development to stimulate research by some governments and boost the improvement of the solar panels.
In 1970 the first solar cell heterostructures with gallium arsenide (GaAs) and highly efficient development in the former USSR by Zhore Alferov and energy costs his research team.
The production equipment chemical deposition of metals or organic vapors by MOCVD (Metal Organic Chemical Vapor Deposition), was not developed until the 80s of last century, limiting the ability of companies to manufacture solar cells gallium arsenide. The first company to manufacture solar panels on an industrial scale, from simple GaAs unions, with an efficiency of AM0 (Air Mass Zero) of 17 was the American ASEC (Applied Solar Energy Corporation). The dual connection household of the cell was in industrial quantities by ASEC in 1989, accidentally, as a result of a change of GaAs on GaAs substrates at GaAs on germanium substrates.
Accidental doping germanium (Ge) with GaAs buffer layer as I open circuit voltage, demonstrating the potential use of germanium substrates of other cells. A simple cell GaAs unions came to 19 efficiency AM0 in 1993. electricity ASEC developing the first cell to double union spacecraft used in the U.S., with an efficiency of about 20 .
These cells do not use germanium as a second cell, but used a cell based on GaAs with different doping. By way of exception, the double-cell junction GaAs could produce AM0 efficiencies of around 22 . all your energy needs can be met by which is a leading electricity and gas supplier The three unions begin with efficiencies of around 24 in 2000, 26 in 2002, 28 in 2005, and have come, so the current 30 in 2007. In 2007, two American companies Emcore Photovoltaics and Spectrolab, produce 95 of solar cell efficiency of 28 . 14.6 Lighting and lighting. 14.7 Production of heat. company that supplies energy products Robotics and 14.8 ... electricity began when the late nineteenth century, it extended the light ...
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